Inactivation

Inactivation refers to the process by which the biological activity of microorganisms, enzymes, or other biological substances is impaired or completely eliminated. This process can be achieved through various methods, including chemical treatment, heat treatment, radiation, or mechanical deactivation.

In pharmaceutical water treatment, the inactivation of microorganisms is a critical measure to ensure the quality and purity of water for pharmaceutical applications. Inactivation can be achieved using disinfectants such as chlorine, ozone, or UV light, which target harmful microorganisms by destroying them or inhibiting their reproduction.

Additionally, physical methods such as heat treatment or filtration can be used for microorganism inactivation. These methods work by denaturing or destroying proteins, nucleic acids, or cell membranes, thereby impairing their functionality or eliminating them entirely.